pre adv 1: participle clauses

participle clauses following conjunctions and prepositions

Participle clauses, with -ing particularly, can be used after various conjunctions and prepositions,

such as: when, while, before, after, on, without, instead of. Note the following examples:

Remember to take all your belongings with you when leaving the train.

I sprained my ankle while playing tennis.

Before entering the mosque you must take off your shoes.

After taking everything into consideration, we decided to sell the house.

After having driven 300 miles across country, I arrived to find the house had been sold.

On hearing that my sister was planning to marry him, I decided to leave the flat to her.

Without wanting to seem rude, I must tell you that you are ungrateful.

Instead of listening to my advice, she walked out without saying goodbye.